Evaluating the potential side effects of human pharmaceuticals on the immune system should be incorporated into standard drug development process. Toxicity to the immune system includes inhibition or enhancement of the immune response. Inhibiting the immune response can result in a decrease in host resistance to infectious agents or tumor cells, while enhanced immune response can exacerbate autoimmune diseases or allergies. Currently, the assessment of immunotoxic effects depends on different animal models. With a few exceptions, the immune system of humans and experimental animals are very similar. Most drugs that inhibit the immune system in humans produce similar results in rodents, and the mechanisms for immunosuppressive action are similar.

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